Different ions can be separated and examined in a sample using the separation process known as ion chromatography. Its foundation is the ion exchange concept, which calls for the selective exchange of ions between a stationary phase and a mobile phase. In ion chromatography, the sample is transported through the stationary phase by a liquid solvent, which is a column filled with ion exchange resin. The various ions in the sample interact with the stationary phase based on their charge and affinity for the resin throughout the separation process after being put into the column.